Long-term use of beta blockers, such as Inderal or Lopressor, is likely to affect the pulse in what way?

Long-term use of beta blockers, like Inderal (propranolol) and Lopressor (metoprolol), primarily leads to a decrease in heart rate. This class of medication works by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the beta receptors of the heart, which in turn reduces the heart's workload and lowers blood pressure. The slowed heart rate is a direct pharmacological effect of these medications, leading to a characteristic pulse that is typically slower than what is considered normal for an individual. This key effect on heart rate is fundamental to how beta blockers are used therapeutically, particularly in managing conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and anxiety.